{"id":37384,"date":"2023-07-19T11:59:21","date_gmt":"2023-07-19T11:59:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.railscarma.com\/?p=37384"},"modified":"2023-07-20T04:59:26","modified_gmt":"2023-07-20T04:59:26","slug":"comment-refactoriser-votre-application-rails-avec-des-objets-de-service","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.railscarma.com\/fr\/blog\/comment-refactoriser-votre-application-rails-avec-des-objets-de-service\/","title":{"rendered":"Comment refactoriser votre application Rails avec des objets de service"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"37384\" class=\"elementor elementor-37384\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5471f31 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5471f31\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-935cede\" data-id=\"935cede\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-86c514e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"86c514e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00c0 mesure que la complexit\u00e9 des applications Rails augmente, il devient crucial de maintenir un code propre, lisible et maintenable. Une approche efficace pour y parvenir consiste \u00e0 refactoriser votre base de code \u00e0 l\u2019aide d\u2019objets de service. Les objets de service aident \u00e0 extraire la logique m\u00e9tier complexe des mod\u00e8les ou des contr\u00f4leurs dans des classes distinctes, favorisant ainsi une meilleure organisation, testabilit\u00e9 et r\u00e9utilisation. Dans cet article, nous explorerons le processus de refactorisation d&#039;une application Rails avec des objets de service, en fournissant un exemple pratique pour d\u00e9montrer leurs avantages.<\/span><\/p><p><b>Identifier le probl\u00e8me\u00a0:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Pour commencer le processus de refactorisation, commencez par identifier une section de code qui contient une logique complexe ou viole le principe de responsabilit\u00e9 unique (SRP). Supposons que nous ayons une application Rails avec un UserController qui g\u00e8re la cr\u00e9ation, la validation et la notification des utilisateurs.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Extraction d&#039;un objet de service\u00a0: pour refactoriser ce code, extrayez la logique complexe li\u00e9e \u00e0 la cr\u00e9ation et \u00e0 la notification des utilisateurs dans un objet de service distinct. Cr\u00e9ez un nouveau fichier appel\u00e9 user_creation_service.rb dans le r\u00e9pertoire app\/services. Voici un exemple de ce \u00e0 quoi pourrait ressembler l&#039;objet de service\u00a0:<\/span><\/p><p><strong>#app\/services\/user_creation_service.rb<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>classe UserCreationService<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0def initialiser (user_params)<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0@user_params = utilisateur_params<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0fin<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0def cr\u00e9er_utilisateur<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0utilisateur = Utilisateur.new (@user_params)<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0si utilisateur.save<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0envoyer_notification (utilisateur)<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0vrai<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0autre<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0FAUX<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0fin<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0fin<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0priv\u00e9<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0def send_notification (utilisateur)<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0# Logique pour envoyer une notification \u00e0 l&#039;utilisateur<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0fin<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>fin<\/strong><\/p><p><b>Mise \u00e0 jour du UserController\u00a0:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Dans le UserController, remplacez la logique complexe par un appel \u00e0 l&#039;objet de service. Voici un exemple de la fa\u00e7on dont il pourrait \u00eatre mis \u00e0 jour\u00a0:<\/span><\/p><p><strong>#app\/controllers\/users_controller.rb<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>classe UsersController &lt; ApplicationController<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0cr\u00e9er par d\u00e9faut<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0user_service = UserCreationService.new (user_params)<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0si user_service.create_user<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0redirect_to root_path, remarque\u00a0: &quot;Utilisateur cr\u00e9\u00e9 avec succ\u00e8s\u00a0!&quot;<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0autre<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0rendu\u00a0:nouveau<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0fin<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0fin<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0priv\u00e9<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0def user_params<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0params.require(:user).permit(:name, :email, :password)<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0fin<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>fin<\/strong><\/p><p><b>Test de l&#039;objet de service\u00a0:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Les objets de service peuvent \u00eatre facilement test\u00e9s de mani\u00e8re isol\u00e9e, garantissant ainsi l&#039;exactitude de la logique extraite. \u00c9crivez des tests pour la classe UserCreationService, en vous moquant des d\u00e9pendances si n\u00e9cessaire. Par exemple:<\/span><\/p><p><strong>#spec\/services\/user_creation_service_spec.rb<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>n\u00e9cessite &#039;rails_helper&#039;<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>RSpec.describe UserCreationService faire<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0d\u00e9crire &#039;#create_user&#039; faire<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0il &quot;cr\u00e9e un utilisateur et envoie une notification&quot;<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0user_params = { nom : &#039;John Doe&#039;, email : &#039;john@example.com&#039;, mot de passe : &#039;mot de passe&#039; }<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0user_service = UserCreationService.new (user_params)<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0s&#039;attendre \u00e0 ce que (user_service.create_user) soit vrai<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0attendre(Notification).to have_received(:send).with(instance_of(Utilisateur))<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0fin<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0il &quot;renvoie faux si la cr\u00e9ation de l&#039;utilisateur \u00e9choue&quot;<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Cas d\u2019\u00e9chec du test #<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0fin<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0fin<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>fin<\/strong><\/p><h2><b>Conclusion:\u00a0<\/b><\/h2><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">En refactorisant votre <a href=\"https:\/\/www.railscarma.com\/fr\/developpement-dapplications-de-rails-personnalises\/\">Application Rails<\/a> avec les objets de service, vous pouvez s\u00e9parer efficacement une logique m\u00e9tier complexe, am\u00e9liorer l&#039;organisation du code et am\u00e9liorer la testabilit\u00e9. L&#039;exemple pratique fourni montre le processus d&#039;extraction de la logique de cr\u00e9ation et de notification d&#039;utilisateur dans un objet de service, ce qui donne un code plus propre et plus maintenable. Profitez de la puissance des objets de service pour rationaliser votre application Rails et profitez des avantages d&#039;une base de code modulaire et \u00e9volutive.<\/span><\/p><p><br \/><br \/><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t  <div class=\"related-post slider\">\r\n        <div class=\"headline\">Articles Similaires<\/div>\r\n    <div class=\"post-list owl-carousel\">\r\n\r\n            <div class=\"item\">\r\n            <div class=\"thumb post_thumb\">\r\n    <a  title=\"Qu&#039;est-ce que Offliberty Ruby Gem et comment fonctionne-t-il ?\" href=\"https:\/\/www.railscarma.com\/fr\/blog\/quest-ce-que-offliberty-ruby-gem-et-comment-fonctionne-t-il\/?related_post_from=41304\">\r\n\r\n      <img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/www.railscarma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/What-is-Offliberty-Ruby-Gem-and-How-It-Works.png\" class=\"attachment-full 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<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>As Rails applications grow in complexity, it becomes crucial to maintain clean, readable, and maintainable code. One effective approach to achieve this is through refactoring your codebase using service objects. Service objects help extract complex business logic from models or controllers into separate classes, promoting better organization, testability, and reusability. In this article, we will &hellip;<\/p>\n<p class=\"read-more\"> <a class=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.railscarma.com\/fr\/blog\/ruby-regex-match-guide-with-examples\/\"> <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Guide de correspondance des expressions rationnelles en Ruby (2026) avec exemples<\/span> Lire la suite \u00bb<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":37392,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1224],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-37384","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>How to Refactor Your Rails App With Service Objects - Railscarma<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Let&#039;s explore the process of refactoring a Rails application with service objects, providing a example to demonstrate their benefits.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.railscarma.com\/fr\/blog\/comment-refactoriser-votre-application-rails-avec-des-objets-de-service\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"How to Refactor Your Rails App With Service Objects - 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