{"id":696,"date":"2014-09-05T04:45:00","date_gmt":"2014-09-05T04:45:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dev.railscarma.com\/secure-your-server-with-ssh-access\/"},"modified":"2021-06-07T07:23:57","modified_gmt":"2021-06-07T07:23:57","slug":"securisez-votre-serveur-avec-un-acces-ssh","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.railscarma.com\/fr\/blog\/gestion\/securisez-votre-serveur-avec-un-acces-ssh\/","title":{"rendered":"S\u00e9curisez votre serveur avec l&#039;acc\u00e8s SSH"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"696\" class=\"elementor elementor-696\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4ffe6cb6 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4ffe6cb6\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c9b1726\" data-id=\"c9b1726\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-709d966f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"709d966f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Secure Shell (SSH), parfois appel\u00e9 Secure Socket Shell, est une interface de commande et un protocole bas\u00e9s sur UNIX permettant d&#039;acc\u00e9der en toute s\u00e9curit\u00e9 \u00e0 un ordinateur distant. Il est largement utilis\u00e9 par les administrateurs r\u00e9seau pour contr\u00f4ler \u00e0 distance les serveurs Web et autres types de serveurs.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>SSH<\/strong> est en fait une suite de trois utilitaires \u2013 slogin, ssh et scp \u2013 qui sont des versions s\u00e9curis\u00e9es des utilitaires UNIX ant\u00e9rieurs, rlogin, rsh et rcp. Les commandes SSH sont crypt\u00e9es et s\u00e9curis\u00e9es de plusieurs mani\u00e8res. Les deux extr\u00e9mit\u00e9s de la connexion client\/serveur sont authentifi\u00e9es \u00e0 l&#039;aide d&#039;un certificat num\u00e9rique et les mots de passe sont prot\u00e9g\u00e9s par cryptage.<\/p>\n\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n\nCes mesures peuvent \u00eatre prises pour s\u00e9curiser votre serveur, avec un acc\u00e8s SSH. Mettez \u00e0 jour le syst\u00e8me d&#039;exploitation, Apache et CPanel vers les derni\u00e8res versions stables. Cela peut \u00eatre fait \u00e0 partir de WHM\/CPanel. Restreindre l&#039;acc\u00e8s SSH Pour restreindre et s\u00e9curiser l&#039;acc\u00e8s SSH, liez sshd \u00e0 une seule adresse IP diff\u00e9rente de l&#039;adresse IP principale du serveur et sur un port diff\u00e9rent du port 22. Connectez-vous en SSH au serveur et connectez-vous en tant que root. \u00c0 l&#039;invite de commande, tapez\u00a0: vi \/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config Faites d\u00e9filer jusqu&#039;\u00e0 la section du fichier qui ressemble \u00e0 ceci\u00a0: Port 22 Protocole 2, 1 ListenAddress 0.0.0.0 ListenAddress\u00a0:\u00a0D\u00e9commentez et modifiez le port 22 pour qu&#039;il ressemble au port 5678 (choisissez votre propre num\u00e9ro de port \u00e0 4 \u00e0 5 chiffres (49151 est le num\u00e9ro de port le plus \u00e9lev\u00e9) D\u00e9commentez et modifiez le protocole 2, 1 pour qu&#039;il ressemble au protocole 2 D\u00e9commentez et modifiez ListenAddress 0.0.0.0 pour qu&#039;il ressemble \u00e0 ListenAddress 123.123.123.15 (utilisez l&#039;une de vos propres adresses IP qui a \u00e9t\u00e9 attribu\u00e9 \u00e0 votre serveur) Remarque 1\u00a0: Si vous souhaitez d\u00e9sactiver la connexion racine directe, faites d\u00e9filer vers le bas jusqu&#039;\u00e0 ce que vous trouviez PermitRootLogin oui, d\u00e9commentez-le et faites-le ressembler \u00e0 PermitRootLogin non Enregistrer en appuyant sur Ctrl o sur votre clavier, puis quittez en appuyant sur Ctrl x sur votre clavier. Remarque 2\u00a0: Vous pouvez \u00e9galement cr\u00e9er un serveur de noms personnalis\u00e9 sp\u00e9cifiquement pour votre nouvelle adresse IP SSH. Cr\u00e9ez-en simplement un appel\u00e9 quelque chose comme ssh.xyz.com ou autre. Assurez-vous d&#039;ajouter une adresse A \u00e0 votre zone fichier pour le nouveau serveur de noms. Maintenant, red\u00e9marrez SSH. \u00c0 l&#039;invite de commande, tapez\u00a0: \/etc\/rc.d\/init.d\/sshd restart Quittez SSH, puis reconnectez-vous \u00e0 SSH en utilisant la nouvelle adresse IP ou le nouveau serveur de noms et le nouveau port. . Remarque : si vous rencontrez des probl\u00e8mes, connectez-vous simplement par Telnet \u00e0 votre serveur, r\u00e9solvez le probl\u00e8me, puis connectez-vous \u00e0 nouveau via SSH. Telnet est un protocole tr\u00e8s non s\u00e9curis\u00e9, alors changez votre mot de passe root apr\u00e8s l&#039;avoir utilis\u00e9. D\u00e9sactiver Telnet Pour d\u00e9sactiver Telnet, connectez-vous en SSH au serveur et connectez-vous en tant que root. \u00c0 l&#039;invite de commande, tapez\u00a0: vi \/etc\/xinetd.d\/telnet, modifiez d\u00e9sactiver = non pour d\u00e9sactiver = oui. Enregistrer et quitter. \u00c0 l&#039;invite de commande, tapez\u00a0: \/etc\/init.d\/xinetd restart E-mail du serveur \u00e0 chaque fois que quelqu&#039;un se connecte en tant que root. demandez au serveur de vous envoyer un e-mail \u00e0 chaque fois que quelqu&#039;un se connecte en tant que root, SSH au serveur et se connecte en tant que root. \u00c0 l&#039;invite de commande, tapez\u00a0: pico .bash_profile Faites d\u00e9filer jusqu&#039;\u00e0 la fin du fichier et ajoutez la ligne suivante\u00a0: echo &#039;ALERT \u2013 Root Shell Access on:&#039; <code>date<\/code> <code>OMS<\/code> | mail -s \u00ab\u00a0Alerte\u00a0: acc\u00e8s root depuis <code>qui | awk &#039;{imprimer $6}&#039;<\/code>&#8221; <a href=\"mailto:your@email.com\">votre@email.com<\/a>\n\nSauvegarder et quitter. D\u00e9finir un message l\u00e9gal SSH Pour un message l\u00e9gal SSH, connectez-vous en SSH au serveur et connectez-vous en tant que root. \u00c0 l&#039;invite de commande, tapez : vi \/etc\/motd Entrez votre message, enregistrez et quittez. Remarque : j&#039;utilise le message suivant\u2026 ALERTE ! Vous entrez dans une zone s\u00e9curis\u00e9e ! Votre IP et vos informations de connexion ont \u00e9t\u00e9 enregistr\u00e9es. L&#039;administration du syst\u00e8me a \u00e9t\u00e9 inform\u00e9e. Ce syst\u00e8me est limit\u00e9 \u00e0 un acc\u00e8s autoris\u00e9 uniquement. Toutes les activit\u00e9s sur ce syst\u00e8me sont enregistr\u00e9es et enregistr\u00e9es. Tout acc\u00e8s non autoris\u00e9 fera l&#039;objet d&#039;une enqu\u00eate approfondie et sera signal\u00e9 aux forces de l&#039;ordre appropri\u00e9es. \u00bb D\u00e9sormais, chaque fois que quelqu&#039;un se connecte en tant que root, il verra ce message\u2026 D\u00e9sactiver les comptes Shell D\u00e9sactiver la sortie d&#039;identification pour Apache Pour d\u00e9sactiver la sortie de version pour proftp, connectez-vous en SSH au serveur. et connectez-vous en tant que root. \u00c0 l&#039;invite de commande, tapez\u00a0: vi \/etc\/httpd\/conf\/httpd.conf Faites d\u00e9filer vers le bas et remplacez la ligne suivante par ServerSignature Off. Red\u00e9marrez Apache. \u00c0 l&#039;invite de commande, tapez\u00a0: \/etc\/rc.d\/init.d\/httpd restart\n\n<\/div>\n<a href=\"\/fr\/contactez-nous\/\">Prenez contact avec nous.<\/a>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b90780f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b90780f\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-649816f9\" data-id=\"649816f9\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element 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defer><\/script>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<form id=\"sib_signup_form_1\" method=\"post\" class=\"sib_signup_form\" action=\"\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"sib_loader\" style=\"display:none;\"><img\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tsrc=\"https:\/\/www.railscarma.com\/wp-includes\/images\/spinner.gif\" alt=\"chargeur\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"sib_form_action\" value=\"subscribe_form_submit\">\n\t\t\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"sib_form_id\" value=\"1\">\n                <input type=\"hidden\" name=\"sib_form_alert_notice\" value=\"Please fill out this field\">\n                <input type=\"hidden\" name=\"sib_form_invalid_email_notice\" value=\"Your email address is invalid\">\n                <input type=\"hidden\" name=\"sib_security\" value=\"d7f7626ab9\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"sib_signup_box_inside_1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div style=\"\/*display:none*\/\" class=\"sib_msg_disp\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n                                            <div id=\"sib_captcha_invisible\" class=\"invi-recaptcha\" data-sitekey=\"6LdikOAaAAAAAJ6SWrrKVQrtw7TQpQAEnv0HS0G3\"><\/div>\n                    \t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"sib-email-area\">\r\n    <label class=\"sib-email-area\"><\/label>\r\n    <input type=\"email\" class=\"sib-email-area\" name=\"email\" required=\"required\" placeholder=\"Adresse e-mail\">\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"sib-NAME-area\">\r\n    <label class=\"sib-NAME-area\"><\/label>\r\n    <input type=\"text\" class=\"sib-NAME-area\" name=\"NAME\" placeholder=\"Nom\">\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n    <input type=\"submit\" id=\"invisible\" class=\"sib-default-btn\" value=\"S&#039;abonner\">\r\n<\/p>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"trp-form-language\" value=\"fr\"\/><\/form>\n\t\t\t<style>\n\t\t\t\tform#sib_signup_form_1 p.sib-alert-message {\n    padding: 6px 12px;\n    margin-bottom: 20px;\n    border: 1px solid transparent;\n    border-radius: 4px;\n    -webkit-box-sizing: border-box;\n    -moz-box-sizing: border-box;\n    box-sizing: border-box;\n}\nform#sib_signup_form_1 p.sib-alert-message-error {\n    background-color: #f2dede;\n    border-color: #ebccd1;\n    color: #a94442;\n}\nform#sib_signup_form_1 p.sib-alert-message-success {\n    background-color: #dff0d8;\n    border-color: #d6e9c6;\n    color: #3c763d;\n}\nform#sib_signup_form_1 p.sib-alert-message-warning {\n    background-color: #fcf8e3;\n    border-color: #faebcc;\n    color: #8a6d3b;\n}\n\t\t\t<\/style>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t  <div class=\"related-post slider\">\r\n        <div class=\"headline\">Articles Similaires<\/div>\r\n    <div class=\"post-list owl-carousel\">\r\n\r\n            <div class=\"item\">\r\n            <div class=\"thumb post_thumb\">\r\n    <a  title=\"Pourquoi engager des d\u00e9veloppeurs Ruby on Rails en 2026 ?\" 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It is widely used by network administrators to control Web and other kinds of servers remotely. 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