{"id":37384,"date":"2023-07-19T11:59:21","date_gmt":"2023-07-19T11:59:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.railscarma.com\/?p=37384"},"modified":"2023-07-20T04:59:26","modified_gmt":"2023-07-20T04:59:26","slug":"come-eseguire-il-refactoring-dellapp-rails-con-oggetti-di-servizio","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.railscarma.com\/it\/blog\/come-eseguire-il-refactoring-dellapp-rails-con-oggetti-di-servizio\/","title":{"rendered":"Come eseguire il refactoring dell&#039;app Rails con oggetti di servizio"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"37384\" class=\"elementor elementor-37384\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5471f31 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5471f31\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-935cede\" data-id=\"935cede\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-86c514e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"86c514e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Man mano che le applicazioni Rails diventano sempre pi\u00f9 complesse, diventa fondamentale mantenere un codice pulito, leggibile e gestibile. Un approccio efficace per raggiungere questo obiettivo consiste nel refactoring della base di codice utilizzando oggetti di servizio. Gli oggetti di servizio aiutano a estrarre la logica aziendale complessa da modelli o controller in classi separate, promuovendo una migliore organizzazione, testabilit\u00e0 e riusabilit\u00e0. In questo articolo esploreremo il processo di refactoring di un&#039;applicazione Rails con oggetti di servizio, fornendo un esempio pratico per dimostrarne i vantaggi.<\/span><\/p><p><b>Identificazione del problema:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Per iniziare il processo di refactoring, inizia identificando una sezione di codice che contiene logica complessa o viola il principio di responsabilit\u00e0 unica (SRP). Supponiamo di avere un&#039;applicazione Rails con un UserController che gestisce la creazione, la convalida e la notifica degli utenti.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Estrazione di un oggetto di servizio: per eseguire il refactoring di questo codice, estrarre la logica complessa relativa alla creazione e alla notifica dell&#039;utente in un oggetto di servizio separato. Crea un nuovo file chiamato user_creation_service.rb nella directory app\/services. Ecco un esempio di come potrebbe apparire l&#039;oggetto servizio:<\/span><\/p><p><strong>#app\/services\/user_creation_service.rb<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>classe UserCreationService<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0def inizializza(parametri_utente)<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0@user_params = user_params<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0FINE<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0def crea_utente<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0utente = Utente.nuovo(@utente_params)<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0se user.save<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0invia_notifica(utente)<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0VERO<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0altro<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0falso<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0FINE<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0FINE<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0privato<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0def invia_notifica(utente)<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0# Logica per l&#039;invio di una notifica all&#039;utente<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0FINE<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>FINE<\/strong><\/p><p><b>Aggiornamento dell&#039;UserController:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Nell&#039;UserController, sostituire la logica complessa con una chiamata all&#039;oggetto servizio. Ecco un esempio di come potrebbe essere aggiornato:<\/span><\/p><p><strong>#app\/controllers\/users_controller.rb<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>classe UsersController &lt;ApplicationController<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0sicuramente creare<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0user_service = UserCreationService.new(user_params)<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0se user_service.crea_utente<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0reindirizza_a root_path, nota: &#039;Utente creato con successo!&#039;<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0altro<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0rendering: nuovo<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0FINE<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0FINE<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0privato<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0def parametri_utente<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0params.require(:utente).permit(:nome, :email, :password)<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0FINE<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>FINE<\/strong><\/p><p><b>Testare l&#039;oggetto servizio:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Gli oggetti di servizio possono essere facilmente testati isolatamente, garantendo la correttezza della logica estratta. Scrivi test per la classe UserCreationService, simulando le dipendenze secondo necessit\u00e0. Per esempio:<\/span><\/p><p><strong>#spec\/services\/user_creation_service_spec.rb<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>richiedono &#039;rails_helper&#039;<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>RSpec.describe UserCreationService fare<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0descrivere &#039;#create_user&#039; fare<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0&quot;crea un utente e invia una notifica&quot;.<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0user_params = { nome: &#039;John Doe&#039;, email: &#039;john@example.com&#039;, password: &#039;password&#039; }<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0user_service = UserCreationService.new(user_params)<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0aspettarsi che (user_service.create_user). sia vero<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0aspettarsi(Notifica).to have_received(:invia).con(istanza_di(Utente))<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0FINE<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0&quot;restituisce false se la creazione dell&#039;utente fallisce&quot;.<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0# Caso di fallimento del test<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0FINE<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0FINE<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>FINE<\/strong><\/p><h2><b>Conclusione:\u00a0<\/b><\/h2><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Rifattorizzando il tuo <a href=\"https:\/\/www.railscarma.com\/it\/sviluppo-di-applicazioni-per-binari-personalizzati\/\">Applicazione delle rotaie<\/a> con gli oggetti di servizio \u00e8 possibile separare in modo efficace la logica aziendale complessa, migliorare l&#039;organizzazione del codice e potenziare la testabilit\u00e0. L&#039;esempio pratico fornito dimostra il processo di estrazione della creazione dell&#039;utente e della logica di notifica in un oggetto di servizio, ottenendo un codice pi\u00f9 pulito e pi\u00f9 gestibile. 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Un approccio efficace per raggiungere questo obiettivo consiste nel refactoring della base di codice utilizzando oggetti di servizio. Gli oggetti di servizio aiutano a estrarre la logica aziendale complessa da modelli o controller in classi separate, promuovendo una migliore organizzazione, testabilit\u00e0 e riusabilit\u00e0. In questo articolo, faremo\u2026<\/p>\n<p class=\"read-more\"> <a class=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.railscarma.com\/it\/blog\/ruby-regex-match-guide-with-examples\/\"> <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Ruby Regex Match Guide (2026) with Examples<\/span> Leggi altro \"<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":37392,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1224],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-37384","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>How to Refactor Your Rails App With Service Objects - Railscarma<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Let&#039;s explore the process of refactoring a Rails application with service objects, providing a example to demonstrate their benefits.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.railscarma.com\/it\/blog\/come-eseguire-il-refactoring-dellapp-rails-con-oggetti-di-servizio\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"it_IT\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"How to Refactor Your Rails App With Service Objects - 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